California Family Code Section 4055 provides a statewide uniform guideline, or formula, for determining child support obligations. Among other things, this formula takes into account each parents actual income, and the level or responsibility for the child (that is, the percentage of time the parent spends with the child). If the parents have similar incomes, the parent who spends more time with the child will usually be the one to receive the support, whereas the parent who spends less time with the child will usually be the one to pay support. Similarly, if the amount of time spent with the child is equal, but one the incomes are vastly different, the higher wage earner will usually be the one obligated to pay support to the lower wage earner.
The formula, of course, is much more complex than the situations stated above and takes into account other factors. These other factors may include: number of children, federal and state tax filing status, new-spouse income, spousal support obligations from other marriages, the cost of raising children from another relationship, mandatory retirement contributions, health care premiums, etc. The California Department of Child Support Services offers a free guideline calculator for those looking for an estimate of what their support obligation or award may be. The calculator may be found at: http://www.childsup.ca.gov/Resources/CalculateChildSupport.aspx
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This is a very common question in a family law action where a child, or children, are involved, and it is important to know that custody and visitation are not interchangeable terms, but are instead two legally different things.
CHILD VISITATION: Child visitation refers to parenting time. That is, the amount of time one parent spends with a child. When one speaks of a child visitation schedule or arrangement, they are referring to what days, times, and with what frequency a parent is going to spend with a child. CHILD CUSTODY: Child Custody can really be broken down into two different types: "legal" custody, and "physical" custody. Legal Custody vs. Physical Custody: Legal custody refers to the right of a parent to make decisions regarding a child's health, education, and welfare. For example, decisions about what school a child will attend, what doctors/dentists/therapists/psychologists a child will see, what extracurricular activities a child will engage in, what religion a child will study and practice, etc. Physical custody on the other hand refers to a parents right to have a child live with him or her. Sole Custody vs. Joint Custody Legal and physical custody can each further be broken down into two forms, either "sole," or "joint," custody. Some may have heard of terms like "primary custody" or "primary custodial parent." Terms like these are legal fallacies because they have no legal meaning or significance. Terms like these are usually used to make one parent feel better about not having "joint" legal, or "joint" physical, custody. However, in reality only "sole" or "joint" custody have any legal significance and therefore implications. If one has "sole" legal custody, it means he or she can make unilateral decisions regarding the child's health, education, and welfare. If parents share "joint" legal custody, it means that they must confer with one another in making decisions regarding the health, education, and welfare of a child. If one has "sole" physical custody of a child, it means that parent has a right to have the child live with them, and, sometimes more importantly, it also means that parent has the presumptive right to move away with a child. In other words, if a parent has sole physical custody of a child and wants to move to a different county/city/state, it is the other parent that bears the burden of presenting evidence of why the Court should not allow the parent with sole physical custody to take the child when they move. If on the other hand, parents share "joint" physical custody, it usually means the child spends relatively equal amounts of time with both parents; and if one parent wants to move and take the child with them, the parent requesting the move would bear the burden of presenting evidence to the Court as to why they should be allowed to take the child with them when they move. Any combination of the above custody arrangements is possible. That is, one parent could have sole physical custody of the child/ren, yet share joint legal custody, or vice versa. It is important that parents work together to create a custody arrangement, and a visitation schedule, that best suits the needs of their child/ren and their family. What are the requirements for filing a Petition for dissolution of marriage, a.k.a. "divorce?"8/21/2012 In California, there are two residency requirements that must be met before one may file a Petition for dissolution of marriage or "divorce." First, one of the parties must have been a resident of the state for at least six months; and second, one of the parties must have been a resident of the county in which they are filing for at least three months immediately preceding the filing of the Petition for dissolution of marriage. If either one of the parties meets these requirements, then either party can file a Petition for dissolution.
What if you recently moved to California, or the county, and don't yet meet the requirements but still want to start the process? One could first file a Petition for Legal Separation and then once one met the residency requirements for a dissolution of marriage, one could then amend their Petition for Legal Separation to a Petition for Dissolution of Marriage. However, the new Amended Petition would have to again be served on the other party. |
AuthorsMaria E. Crabtree, CFLS Categories
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